The	first	of	the	研究	that	皮埃尔	舍费尔	创作	and	也许	the	most	famous	of	them	
	
	
	About	the	Piece
	
	Étude	aux	Chemins	De	Fer	In	English	Railway	研究	was	the	first	of	the	‘Five	研究	in	Sound’	that	皮埃尔	舍费尔	创作	and	也许	the	most	famous	of	them	
	
	皮埃尔	舍费尔	took	his	錄/录	设备	to	the	local	railway	depot	and	录制	the	trains	shunting	about	in	the	sidings	
	
	He	then	took	the	录音	back	to	the	工作室	and	used	pitch-shift	时间缩放	循环	and	编辑	to	turn	his	录音	into	an	探索	of	the	声	that	he	had	captured	
	
	
	Fact
	
	Back	in	1948	舍费尔	had	to	make	all	of	his	录音	onto	vinyl	disks	like	LP	records	
	
	
	About	the	Composer
	
	皮埃尔	舍费尔	worked	as	a	无线电	technician	for	the	French	national	无线电	and	whilst	working	there	began	to	experiment	with	录制	声	
	
	In	1946	he	convinced	the	无线电	站	to	develop	a	工作室	and	研究	group	to	properly	investigate	录制	声	This	group	later	became	the	GRM	樂/乐	研究	Group	
	
	He	made	his	first	独奏	作曲	in	1948	the	‘Five	研究	of	Sounds’	
	
	皮埃尔	Schaffer	made	many	further	樂/乐	作品	and	wrote	extensively	on	the	subject	of	创作	樂/乐	with	录制	声	His	观念	have	影响	many	many	composers	who	followed	him	He	was	one	of	the	first	人	to	识别	that	the	包络	of	a	声波	can	greatly	影响	the	way	that	it	is	听