长 in 时间 In our 案例 for a 声波 or a group of sounds

Some 声 are so short that we cannot 听 them as individual 声 Equally some 声 are so long that they began before we arrived and will continue after we leave


How Long is a Sound?

声 can be really long very short or anything in between Sometimes 声 are so long that they seem to be continuous they start before we arrive and end after we leave And sometimes 声 are so short that they begin to blur into one another so that we can't 听 them as individual 声 any more

长 is one of the 主要 参数 of 传统 樂/乐 and is really useful for allowing us to 描述 and 作品 with 声


作曲 Tip
When 创作 a 作品 it is often a good idea to 用 a 混合 of long and short 声

This will add to the 多样性（差异） in your 作品 and give you a rich 质地（纹理、织体）


音符 长 and 传统 樂/乐 Notation

时间 and 时值 is notated horizontally in 传统 樂/乐 乐谱 with different 图标 and 形状 to indicate different 音符 durations This allows us to see individual 音符 durations and groups of 音符 representing rhythmical 模式

However some 声 possess their own 内在 节奏 模式 and cannot easily be 描述 by using 传统 记谱法

When working with 声 we can't rely on a 视觉 diagram of 节奏 We must rely on our 耳 and an ability to 听 out for 声 as they begin stop and 交互 with other 声


Connections between Individual sounds

Even though 声 can be 描述 个别 they often 作品 together in groups or 模式 sometimes called gestures 质地（纹理、织体） or 节奏

平滑 or Detached?

When these groupings happen the 声 can relate to one another in either a 平滑 or detached way

时值 of 质地（纹理、织体） / Gestures

Sometimes it is more sensible for us to think about the 时值 of the texture/gesture than it is to think about the individual 声波 events on their own


Fact
粒 Clouds are collections of very small 声 in exactly the same way that clouds in the sky are collections of water droplets They are highly textural but can also have their own gestural 方向

See also 粒 合成

Quiz – How would you 描述 the 跟随 声 in 术语 of duration? If they are long 声 do they 包含 平滑 or detached rhythmical components?


持续 时值 or Changing

Some 声 will be contained and 持续 yet many 声 may change over 时间 Sometimes it can be difficult to tell if a 声波 is 持续 or and changing


Activity
Try to group 声 into 时值 类别（流派） There may be only three short 媒介 or long or 也许 用 even more 时值 类别（流派） such as very short short and so one Too many such 类别（流派） will add complexity to your 调查 So I would suggest using fewer 选择

State whether the 源 tend to produce a single 声波 or groups of them In the 案例 of groups it is worthwhile to 试图 to 描述 or notate 模式 that evolve from that 源 and discover whether these 模式 are static or 动态
•Do these groups of 声 suggest a certain tempo?
•In some cases the end of one 声波 and the beginning of the next 声波 might 不 be entirely clear How can you 描述 such 声音 movement?
•an 整体 环境 if you dare
It is much easier if you can 录 the 环境 and 听 to it again and again You may want to combine this 种类 of transcription with 音高 and soon dynamics as well The 记谱法 you choose is 开放式 to you


Extra
也许 a 记谱法 类似 to 传统 five-line 记谱法 is useful for some 声 虚构 形式 of 图表 记谱法 may better represent others

See 视觉 表示法 AND 图表 乐谱