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单元 3

When the 紧张 and 长 of the string are just right or in 曲调 as we would say bowing the string sets it to 颤 at the 标准 A which is 定义 at 440 共鸣 每（一个） second or 440-Hz This 数 of 共鸣 每（一个） second is called the 基（础） 频率

The 440-Hz 共鸣 the 基（础） 频率 is called the first 谐/泛音 and the 880-Hz 共鸣 is called the second 谐/泛音

The 基（础） or first 谐/泛音 is 通常 the strongest and 通常 the 较高 the order of the 谐/泛音 the weaker it is

Each 乐器 in the 乐队 has its own 特殊 谐/泛音 signature The 数 and 相对 强烈 of these constituent 音 测定（确定） the 品质 or 音色 of that 特殊 乐器

研究 has shown that a prime requisite of the ability to 听 out a 谐/泛音 in a 复杂 波 is that the separation between 相邻 谐（泛音） must be greater than the 批判 频带宽度（带宽） If two 相邻 谐（泛音） fall within a common 批判 带/乐队 the 耳 cannot 区分 one from the other

All this 中项 that the 耳 is basically like a 傅里叶 analyzer-to 用 a 术语 熟悉 to 电子 人 We 用 this 分析 ability of our 听觉 系统 all the 时间 without giving it a thought

In addition to 听觉 out the 谐（泛音） of a 复杂 音 the 耳 has remarkable powers of discrimination
With the 人 talking all around us we can 直 our attention to one 人 主观 pushing other conversations into the 背景 We can 直 our attention to one group of 乐器 in an 乐队 or to one singer in a choir 聆 to someone talk in the 临场 of 高 背景 噪 we are able to select out the talk and reject to a 度 the 噪 This is all done 潜意识 but we are constantly using this amazing 能力